The Gospel According to Blind Willie Johnson 
SXSW 2010 
Music
Royal Blue
Forty years after his first hit, Bobby Bland is still the undisputed king of Texas R&B— and he’s not even a Texan.
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Shortly after leaving the Army, Bland moved to Houston to begin recording for Robey. Before launching Peacock Records in 1949, Robey had been a taxi cab magnate, music promoter, and nightclub operator; he was also a gambling and numbers racketeer said to enjoy police protection—and he allegedly kept a gun in his desk that he wasn’t shy about using to menace his recording artists. Eventually his empire grew to include five labels: Back Beat, Sure Shot, and Song Bird in addition to Duke and Peacock. Robey specialized in buying the songs of down-and-out writers for a token fee, putting his pen name, “Deadric Malone,” on them, and reaping handsome royalties when they became hits. Bland is one of the few artists connected to Robey who doesn’t perceive him as a villain. “The only thing I can say about him is that he did what he had to do,” he tells me. “Anybody can say whatever they want to say about Robey, but he wasn’t supposed to be your father; he gave you an opportunity. Robey was the biggest man in Texas, so you give thanks to the hand that feeds you.”
In truth, Bland’s career was fed and nurtured by Robey’s assistant, Evelyn Johnson, who also ran her boss’s Buffalo Booking Agency out of Houston. Bland remembers her as the person he went to when he had a problem, who buffered him from Robey, warned him against getting a swelled head, and even taught him to read and write. Johnson, who worked in banking and real estate after Robey sold his companies to ABC Records in 1973 and retired only recently, filled much the same role for Bland as Valerie Cannon had. “He had a lot of complexes,” she recalls. “When he hit the stage he was Bobby Bland, but offstage he was just Bobby. He was so shy, and he took no responsibility for anything. You had to lead him around. I was like a mother: ‘Did you take a bath today, Bobby?’ Even that thing about reading wasn’t so severe; I think he pretended he couldn’t read to avoid responsibility. He got a valet to do everything for him, so all he ever had to do was just perform onstage. Of course, people would go into a frenzy when he did.”
Predictably, Bland’s career built slowly. At the time “Farther Up the Road” hit number one, he was working as driver, valet, and opening act for harmonica man Junior Parker—and he kept at it a full four years longer, even though in 1958, with “Little Boy Blue,” he finally created a discernible vocal style of his own. By then he was trying to incorporate some of the style of smooth white balladeers like Perry Como and Tony Bennett into his sound. But he was also listening to “The Eagle Stirreth Her Nest,” a sermon by his Detroit friend the Reverend C. L. Franklin, Aretha’s father and, with Martin Luther King, Jr., arguably the most influential black preacher of the sixties. Franklin had a rippling “tear” in his voice as he preached this metaphorical story, which was so popular that it was pressed as an album and reportedly sold millions of copies; Bland adapted the sound, which he calls a “squall,” to his vocals. After phrasing at the top of his range, he used the gargly “squall” to work back down to his normal singing voice. It quickly became his trademark, and he still uses it today, though age and wear on his voice have robbed him of his ability to work it every time.
Joe Scott, who produced much of the Duke-Peacock roster but paid Bobby by far the most attention, took care of the rest. “He was a genius as far as I’m concerned,” Bland says. “I had the voice, but I didn’t know what to do with it. He taught me everything: how to apply it and how to phrase, how you approach a note and how you say certain words. He developed that style with the horn arrangements, which was way ahead of its time.”
“Little Boy Blue” only reached number ten. But beginning with “I’ll Take Care of You” late in 1959, Bland turned out seven straight top ten records in 27 months, and eventually he went out on his own as a headliner. He wound up with 32 records on the black charts in the sixties, most of them crossing over to the lower reaches of the pop charts. Living almost entirely on the road, he also developed the snazziest show of the era, with the band doing a few numbers followed by a warm-up singer (Al “TNT” Braggs, who was also Bland’s valet, lasted six years) before the lady-killing star took over. In 1968 the band crumbled, largely because of Bland’s worsening alcoholism. Though his records continued to chart, he fell into a deep depression that hindered his live shows especially. Yet after a few unsteady years, he got his drinking under control, and when Duke was sold to ABC-Dunhill, then a major label, in 1973, he effectively updated his soul-blues sound with His California Album. Through the rest of the decade, as the young white audience was claiming blues guitar stars from B. B. King to Buddy Guy, Bland held on to his African American base strongly enough to remain on black charts even though his crossover days were over.
In 1985, after several tepid efforts for MCA, the major label that had absorbed ABC, Bland consolidated that black audience by signing to Malaco, where he has been ever since. His voice isn’t the wondrous instrument it used to be, but he made the most of his limitations on records like Members Only (1985), Years of Tears (1993), and Sad Street (1995), and the label’s synthesizer-and-strings approach has kept him contemporary without making him sound foolish.
In 1995 Bland felt twinges in his back and shoulders while onstage in Seattle. After the show, he described them over the phone to his fourth wife, Willie Mae, who is a nurse; she immediately flew out to get him and bring him back to Memphis, and a the next day he had a triple bypass. Two years later, Bland doesn’t drink at all and eats little besides vegetables and broiled fish and chicken. He has cut his schedule almost in half, working only about twenty weeks a year (and his twenty-year-old son, Rod, goes along as his drummer to make sure he takes it easy). But that’s okay, because for those twenty weeks he is still Bobby Bland, bigger than life and in command. “Sometimes,” he declares, with no small amount of satisfaction, “I feel like the last of the Mohicans.”
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