f you go to a Texas powwowthere are a few things you need to know to make the event more interesting and to make sure you don't offend anybody. Having said that, don't feel as though you need to research Native American history before you go. These are educational events where you'll learn a lot just by showing up. Of course the more you know, the more you'll enjoy the ceremony, and asking questions is a great way to talk with the dancers and the elders attending the powwow. If you're lucky you might even get someone to tell you a story. Keep in mind that everyone is welcome at these gatherings and you can even get out there and dance in your street clothes during some of the invitational dances. Just listen to the emcee for your cue -- he knows all there is to know about the events taking place.

There are a few details of etiquette for those who aren't Native American and aren't used to the ceremonies. Be sure to stand and remove your hat during the Grand Entry or whenever there is a Flag Song or an Honor Song. Also stand if an eagle feather is dropped and a ceremony takes place. Your dress should be modest and some powwow participants are offended if your legs aren't covered. Don't touch the dancers' bustles or headdresses -- the feathers are sacred -- and don't touch the dancers outfits as many are old and fragile. If you want to take photographs, you must ask permission from individuals as many still believe you are affecting their spirit. Also, photographs are not allowed during competition dance or during any sacred or special moments. Just ask a powwow official before you start snapping away. Finally, there are no drugs or alcohol allowed at powwows.

Once you're inside be sure and listen to the Master of Ceremonies and take his cue. He knows what is going on and what is about to happen and can be your on-site guide. There are, however, a few terms and names you should look for to understand things a little better.

Head Man Dancer and Head Lady Dancer: The two dancers who hold these highly-regarded positions guide and direct the other dancers through the powwow and start the dance.

Arena Director: This is a position usually held by a former Head Dancer. He/she cues the drum order, coordinates the contest events, and generally keeps the powwow flowing on the floor.

Drums: There are normally 5-6 different drum groups consisting of five drummers/singers and one drum.

Center Drum: This is the most distinctive drum group. It is usually positioned at the center of the arena and is noted for its success in competition.

Host Southern Drum and the Host Northern Drum: These represent the two different rhythmic styles.

Head Singer: He/she starts the chants and leads the group.

Honor Dance: This is a special dance in which those persons or person being honored join in the dance around the Center Drum.

Blanket Dance: Spectators are often invited to join this dance, in which dance members toss coins on the blanket for the singers.

Round Dance or Friendship Dance: This is a dance in which everyone is invited to participate. The men dance around the Center Drum and the women dance around the men.

ost of the powwows in Texas take place during the fall although there are a few in the spring. The intertribal powwows usually cost $5 to get into, and the programs explaining the weekend's events cost $1. On Saturdays there is a communal dinner break in which you'll be able to taste some traditional cooking like Indian fry bread and Indian tacos.

Here's a list of dates and places where you can attend.

Southern Powwows
Native American Dancing
The Powwow Editions, a photography exhibit
Austin Powwow